Breast cancer in women over 70 years of age: guidelines for diagnosis and treatment

Abstract

In Brazil, life expectancy among women is 75 years. The current population aged over 70 years exceeds 4.5 million, and is expected to grow even more in the coming years. Contrary to expectations, the clinical outcome of breast cancer appears to be similar in both younger and older women. Level I evidence randomized prospective studies involving patients older than 70 years with breast cancer are scarce. Early diagnosis using mammography enables less aggressive treatments. Therefore, the need for mammographies should not be overlooked in elderly women. Surgical treatment carries low morbidity and mortality even among elderly women. Nonetheless, comorbidities, impaired general health status and limited life expectancy are factors that limit systemic treatment and radiotherapy in these women. Thus, the elderly are more prone to undertreatment leading to reduced overall survival and disease-free survival. Whenever possible, the approach to breast cancer in women over age 70 should comply with protocols previously established for younger women. Comorbidities, performance status and life expectancy should be factored in planning for individualized treatment.