Breaking Away from Broken Windows: Baltimore Neighborhoods and the Nationwide Fight against Crime, Grime, Fear, and Decline

Abstract

* List of Tables and Figures * Acknowledgments * List of Acronyms Part 1: Background on the Place, the Theory, and Policies * 1. Introduction * Philadelphia, Pennsylvania * Oakland, California * Focus * Incivilities, Disorder, Social Disorganization, Collective Efficacy, and Social Capital * Broader Theoretical and Empirical Context of Current Approaches * Evidence * The Argument and the Chapters Ahead * The Bottom Line, * Notes * References * 2. The Baltimore Context, and Its Context * With Charles David Linne * The War Has Been Won? * Purpose * Changes in People, Housing, and Jobs * Changes in Crime: The City as a Whole * Baltimore Neighborhood Crime Rates * Shifting Incivilities, 1981-1994 * Summary Comments on Changes * The Questions of Fear and Neighborhood Problems * In the News * Notes * References * 3. The Incivilities Thesis: Theory, Measurement, and Policy * Organization * Variations on a Theme * Empirical Support for Hypotheses * A Theoretical Aside on Demographic and Structural Issues * From Theory to Research: Incivilities Indicators * Implications for Policy, Practice, and Theory * Notes * References Part 2: Quantitative Evidence on Origins and Impacts * 4. Origins of Incivilities * A Story About One Broken Window * Focus and Organization * Perspectives on the Origins of Incivilities * An Unexciting, but Necessary, Methodological Aside on Change * Another Necessary, but Unexciting, Aside on Multilevel Models * Overview of Indicators, Outcomes, and Controls * Incivilities Observed * Incivilities As Perceived by Residents * Discussion * Notes * References * 5. Impacts of Incivilities on Later Crime and Decline * A Systemic Perspective * Focus * Data and Analysis, * Changes on Decline Indicators in the 1980s * Crime Rate Changes * Predicting Decline * Discussion * Notes * References * 6. Longitudinal Impacts of Incivilities on Reactions to Crime and Local Commitment * Reactions to Crime * Focus * Data and Analysis * Impacts of Specific Predictors * Closing Thoughts, * Support for Longitudinal Impacts of Incivilities * Notes * References Part 3: Qualitative Evidence from Community Leaders * 7. The Community Perspective: Views About Incivilities and Responses to Incivilities in the Context of Collective Crime Prevention Initiatives * Organization of the Chapter and Questions Addressed * What Influences the Type of Collective Strategies Adopted? Podolefsky's Model * Data Sources * Responses to Drug Sales and Use and Related Crime Problems * Neighborhood Fabric and Responses to Crime and Drug Sales and Use * Closing Comments * Appendix: Sample Selection Procedures and Contact Attempts * Notes * References * 8. Place Power and Implications for Coproduced Safety: Changes and Stability in Neighborhood Names, Boundaries, and Organizations * Neighborhood Mapping and Current Data Sources * Organization * Naming and Bounding * Service Delivery Issues and Community Policing * Stability and Changes * Implications: Can Police-Community Partnerships Organize Around Neighborhood Units? * Summary * Notes * References * 9. Closing Thoughts * Context and Ironies * Does the Theory Get Support? * The Context Outside the Theory, * Notes * References * Index