Abstract
ABSTRACT The environmental, economic, and social consequences of dam breaks are catastrophic and require their prior knowledge to minimize risks. These consequences are directly related to rupture breach parameters, such as formation time and breach geometry (width, height, and lateral slopes). These parameters must be adequately representative of a real rupture to obtain a rupture hydrograph also representative (temporal evolution, volume, and peak flow). This representation becomes more reliable as the closer to the actual consequences of a rupture it is, thus creating conditions for an adequate emergency action plan. This research evaluates the parameters of breach formation for a possible rupture, specifically for the case of reservoirs in a sequence, also called cascade reservoirs. The adopted methodology uses physical reduced models and numerical modeling to define these parameters, trying to represent two cascade dams, based on a reference case, determining their values in each dam after the simulated rupture events.
Highlights
One of the most important aspects to reduce the consequences of a dam break is the prior knowledge of the affected areas and the respective available warning time to civilian population evacuation
The dams are represented as Inline Structures, with the upstream boundary condition of flow hydrograph and downstream boundary condition set as normal depth
This numerical model simulated a hydrograph varying between 0.001 m3/s and 0.125 m3/s
Summary
One of the most important aspects to reduce the consequences of a dam break is the prior knowledge of the affected areas and the respective available warning time to civilian population evacuation. This knowledge comes from theoretical rupture studies, technically known as dam break studies, in which the associated hydrographs are obtained and propagated to determine the reached levels, evacuation areas, and the available time. Rupture hydrographs are a direct function of the volume and type of material stored in dams’ reservoirs, as well as the time and manner of their release. According to the type of dam, this breach will have different characteristics, and these characteristics will determine the related peak flow and hydrograph shape
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