Brazilian Spring Wheat Homogeneous Adaptation Regions can be Dissected in Major Megaenvironments

Abstract

ABSTRACTThe objectives of this study were to investigate the pattern of genotype environment interaction and identify megaenvironments (ME), essential test locations, and suitable genotypes for each ME. The genotype plus genotype by environment interaction (GGE) biplot and additive main effects and multiplicative interaction analysis (AMMI) were used to demonstrate the potential of using a graphical biplot to analyze the genotype by environment interaction (GEI) in data of multienvironment trials (MET). These trials of the Central Cooperative Agricultural Research (COODETEC) evaluated 36 advanced breeding lines and 27 check cultivars for 3 years (2008–2010) at 12 test locations. Yield data were analyzed using the genotype plus GGE and AMMI biplot methods. The test environments were classified into two ME (i.e. ME1: Castro, Guarapuava, Não‐Me‐Toque, Abelardo Luz, and Cachoeira do Sul; and ME2: Campo Mourão, Dourados, Palmital, Palotina, Ponta Porã, and Rolândia. In ME1, the locations Guarapuava, Cachoeira do Sul, and Abelardo Luz were classified as ideal, while in ME2, Ponta Porã, Dourados and Palotina were close to ideal. Guarapuava was the essential test location in ME1; however the identification of an essential test location in ME2 was unclear. Superior cultivars and advanced lines were identified in both ME that could be valuable for spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) improvement or cultivars released.