Abstract
PurposeThis paper aims to analyze how the internationalization process of Brazilian microbreweries takes place, especially in factors of propensity to internationalization, competition and survival in the national and international market.Design/methodology/approachThe authors adopted qualitative approach research, using a multiple case study strategy, analyzing seven Brazilian craft breweries. The authors developed this study through documentary research, semi-structured interviews and nonparticipant observation.FindingsThe research findings made it possible to characterize the internationalization process motivated by the background and international experience of entrepreneurs that adopted different strategies for expansion in the international market. The authors noticed that the networks developed in production partnerships, festivals and international missions represent an increase in the ease of internationalization and helps to reduce the risk perception.Research limitations/implicationsThe contributions refer to the conjecture that the born global's evolution related to the high competitiveness of the market is influenced by the international background of the founders and by the influence of the international network, overcoming institutional and market challenges in emerging countries, assuming risks associated with rapid and early entry into the international arena.Practical implicationsThe paper is potentially useful for managerial practice and policymakers by providing insights into the characteristics of entrepreneurs and companies considering their propensity to internationalize, presenting how entrepreneurs and managers can seek resources and develop their skills and capacities to manage such companies and processes of internationalization.Originality/valueThe research is presented as a complementary study to the limited number of studies examining born globals from emerging markets, also challenging the arguments of the dominant theory regarding gradual and nonlinear internationalization.
Highlights
The globalization phenomena and the technological advances occurring in the last decades have been changing the functioning and the pace of expansion of companies around the world (Cavusgil, Knight & Riesenberger, 2014)
4.1 The characteristics of the entrepreneur A decisive factor between the implementation of an expansion project for the international market and an expansion to the domestic market is conditioned to the skills and productive capacities and innovation in the organizational level of these companies influenced by the founder level of ambition
The decision to internationalize is based more on the intention of the entrepreneur to have his product at an international level than on the saturation of the domestic market, especially in the brewing business studied in Brazil, where the domestic market is large and with potential growth
Summary
The globalization phenomena and the technological advances occurring in the last decades have been changing the functioning and the pace of expansion of companies around the world (Cavusgil, Knight & Riesenberger, 2014). The recent technological innovation and the presence of a growing number of entrepreneurs with international business experience have facilitated learning and increased the network of relationships between multinational companies and internationalized small and medium enterprises (Ghannad & Andersson, 2012; Vaillant, Lafuente & Bayon, 2018). By this point, micro and small enterprises with limited resources begin to compete and succeed in the international arena (Bjørgum, Moen & Madsen, 2013; Jafari-Sadeghi, Nkongolo-Bakenda, Dana, Anderson & Biancone, 2020). Despite being a highly competitive environment and dominated by large companies, in recent years, small enterprises have emerged as potential players in the market, mainly through international collaborations and global brand positioning, the so-called craft breweries
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