Branching Patterns of the Left Main Coronary Artery in the Dog Demonstrated by the Use of Corrosion Casting Technique

Abstract

As many investigators use dogs as experimental models in catheterization-, ligation-, and collateral flow studies, knowledge and awareness of the canine left coronary artery anatomical variation is vital for differentiation between canine and human coronary arterial patterns and canine and human coronary congenital anomalies with or without circulatory importance. The present study was performed to examine and review the various principal subdivisions of the canine left main coronary artery (LMCA) in vascular casts of 20 hearts obtained from cadavers of clinically normal dogs of various ages, breeds and of either sex. A corrosion casting technique using an acrylic resin called Tensol Cement No. 70 and a lower-viscosity acrylic resin called Mercox were used to produce a three-dimensional model of the canine coronary arteries. In our study, all dog hearts were left preponderant and the patterns of the principal subdivisions of the LMCA were grouped into three types: Type 1 occurred in seven of the 20 dogs (35%), Type 2 in 12 of 20 dogs (60%) and Type 3 in one instance (5%). A comparison between the canine divisional patterns of the LMCA in the vascular casts and those reported in the literature showed major agreement.