Abstract
The concept of brain and brainstem death developed from the observation of apnoeic comatose patients. In the UK, the diagnosis of brainstem death is made by clinically testing brainstem function once specific pre-conditions have been met. The exact definition of brain death and some details regarding the tests required to make this diagnosis vary across the globe. However, the majority of tests carried out are similar to those in the UK. In this review we define brainstem death and the clinical tests used to confirm it. The use of ancillary testing can have a role in patients where clinical tests are not possible and this is also discussed.
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