Abstract
Actin-related proteins share significant homology with conventional actins and are classified into subfamilies based on the similarity of their sequences and functions. The Arp4 subfamily of Arps is localized in the nucleus, and a mammalian isoform, ArpNβ (also known as BAF53), is a component of the chromatin remodeling and histone acetyltransferase complexes. Another isoform identified in humans, ArpNα has scarcely been characterized yet. We identified mouse ArpNα, and showed that ArpNα is more similar between humans and mice than ArpNβ. No difference was observed between ArpNα and β in subcellular localization and interaction with BRM, which is an ATPase subunit of mammalian SWI/SNF chromatin remodeling complex. However, ArpNα was expressed exclusively in the brain and its expression was induced during neural differentiation of P19 mouse embryonic carcinoma cells. ArpNα is the first brain-specific component of a chromatin remodeling complex to be identified, suggesting that ArpNα has conserved and important roles in the differentiation of neural cells through regulation of chromatin structure.
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