Brain mitochondrial biogenesis and bioenergetics in autonomic regulation of blood pressure: Significance in metabolic syndrome

Abstract

selected for presentation 28.5 Exercise training (ET) in treadmill running reduces oxidative stress and inflammatory signaling of the commissural nucleus of the solitary tract (commNTS) and rostral ventrolateral medulla in rats H. Farah, D. Farah, J. Nunes, C.A. Ogihara, E.M. Cafarchio, G. Giannoco, K. Angelis, M.C. Irigoyen, Vera Farah, M.A. Sato Dept. Morphology and Physiology, FMABC, Brazil Dept. Cardiovascular and Renal Physiology, Univ. Presb. Mackenzie, Brazil Dept. Physiology, Uninove, Brazil Dept. Physiology, Heart Institute, Brazil Dept. Biological Sciences, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Brazil Background: Inflammation has been associated with cardiovascular diseases and the key point is the generation of ROS. Exercise can modulate medullary neurons involved in cardiovascular control. Aim: To evaluate the gene expression of antioxidant proteins against ROS and proteins involved in inflammatory process in commNTS and RVLM in rats submitted to ExT. Methods: Male Wistar rats (N = 7/group) were submitted to ExT in a treadmill running (1 h/day, 5 days/wk/10 wks) or maintained sedentary (Sed). Superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), neuroglobin (Ngb), Cytoglobin (Ctb), NADPH oxidase (Nox), cicloxigenase-2, and neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) gene expression was evaluated in commNTS and RVLM neurons by qPCR. Data are as mean ± EP (ΔΔCt comparative method, unpaired Student t-test, p b 0.05). Results: Gene expression of SOD in the commNTS (1.38 ± 0.13ExT vs. 0.90 ± 0.10Sed) and RVLM (1.43 ±0.11ExT vs. 1.00 ± 0.08Sed) and CAT in the commNTS (1.31 ±0.13ExT vs. 0.89 ± 0.10Sed) and RVLM (1.34 ± 0.09ExT vs. 1.00 ±0.08Sed) increased in ExT compared to Sed. Expression of Ngb (1.29 ±0.04ExT vs. 1.00 ± 0.07Sed) and Ctb (1.18 ± 0.02ExT vs. 1.02 ± 0.07Sed) increased in the RVLM in ExT. Expression of Nox decreased in the RVLM in ExT (0.55 ± 0.15 vs. 1.00 ± 0.08Sed). Cicloxigenase-2 reduced in the commNTS in ExT (0.39 ± 0.11 vs. 1.00 ± 0.15Sed) and RVLM in ExT (0.26 ± 002 vs. 0.97 ± 0.09Sed). Expression of nNOS diminished in ExT in the commNTS (0.15 ± 0.05 vs. 1.00 ±0.62Sed) and RVLM (0.38 ±0.08 vs. 0.97 ± 0.23Sed). Conclusion: Gene expression of proteins of the Abstracts / Autonomic Neuroscience: Basic and Clinical 192 (2015) 1–55 46