Abstract
Aim: To explore whether immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) increase the incidence of radiation-induced brain injury in lung cancer patients with brain metastases. Methods: According to whether they received ICIs within 6months before and after cranial radiotherapy (CRT), all patients were divided into two groups: ICIs+CRT group and CRT+non-ICIs group. Results: The incidence of radiation necrosis (RN) in the CRT+ICIs group was 14.3%, while that in the CRT+non-ICIs group was 5.8% (p =0.090). If ICIs were used within 3 months of CRT, there was statistical significance. A maximum diameter of brain metastasis >3.3cm and cumulative radiation dose of metastatic lesions >75.7Gy were risk factors for RN. Conclusion: ICIs could increase the risk of RN, especially when used within 3 months of CRT.
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