Abstract
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease. Most studies have found that the histopathological lesion is not only localized at the extrapyramidal area (basal ganglia) but also at the cortex in PD patients. Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) based on the voxel as a unit is described for quantitative detection of density and volume of brain tissue. In this study, VBM was used to investigate the brain gray matter changes associated with motor symptoms in PD patients. Twelve outpatients with PD and 12 healthy controls were recruited in our hospital from September 2013 to March 2014. VBM was performed on the whole brain of all subjects. Image processing and statistical analysis were performed using SPM8. A two-sample t test and multiple regression analysis were performed. Results were displayed with a threshold of P 30 voxels. Comparing control healthy subjects with the patients, the data showed that PD patients had reduced gray matter volume in the postcentral gyrus, the right supramarginal center, superior temporal gyrus, precentral gyrus, Brodmann area 41, transverse temporal gyrus, Brodmann area 3, and inferior parietal lobule. The data also found that between gray matter volume and UPDRSIII in PD patients, there were negative correlations in the right middle frontal gyrus, BA06, right precentral gyrus, right superior frontal gyrus, and medial frontal gyrus, and between gray matter volume and Hoehn-Yahr (HY) in PD patients, there were negative correlations in the right middle frontal gyrus, right superior frontal gyrus, BA6, and right precentral gyrus. These data supported that extensive changes associated with motor symptoms in the gray matter volume was mainly located in the related area of movement, which had obvious relevance with the progression of PD.
Highlights
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease
The ways to study the macrostructure of the brain by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) and hand-drawn regions of interest (ROIs), which can be used to find out the change of cortex and subcortical structures in PD patients
VBM is a morphometry method as voxels for the unit, which should be used after all individuals in the study group of brain MRI gradient echo T1-weighted image are spatial normalized to an identical 3D space, and the highresolution, high-definition, high gray matter of brain structure images anatomically divide into gray matter, white matter, and cerebrospinal fluid
Summary
Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disease. Most studies have found that the histopathological lesion is localized at the extrapyramidal area (basal ganglia) and at the cortex in PD patients. Voxel-based morphometry (VBM) based on the voxel as a unit is described for quantitative detection of density and volume of brain tissue. VBM was used to investigate the brain gray matter changes associated with motor symptoms in PD patients. The ways to study the macrostructure of the brain by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are VBM and hand-drawn regions of interest (ROIs), which can be used to find out the change of cortex and subcortical structures in PD patients. VBM is a morphometry method as voxels for the unit, which should be used after all individuals in the study group of brain MRI gradient echo T1-weighted image are spatial normalized to an identical 3D space, and the highresolution, high-definition, high gray matter of brain structure images anatomically divide into gray matter, white matter, and cerebrospinal fluid. Geng et al [4] found that the putamen volume decreases in advanced PD by the use of ROI method, showing negative relation with Hoehn-Yahr staging
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