Abstract
The ability of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) to differentiate into neuronal lineage determines the potential of these cells as a substrate for a cell replacement therapy. In this paper we compare the neurogenic potential of the MSCs from different donors, isolated from the bone marrow (BMSC), subcutaneous adipose tissue (AD MSC) and menstrual blood (eMSC). It was established that the native eMCSs, BMSCs and AD MSCs express neuronal marker β-III-tubulin with a frequency of 90, 50 and 14%, respectively. Also we showed that the eMSCs have a high endogenous level of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), whereas the BMSCs and the AD MSCs are characterized by low basal BDNF levels. An induction of neuronal differentiation in the studied MSCs using differentiation medium containing B27 and N2 supplements, 5-azacytidine, retinoic acid, IBMX and dbcAMP induced changes in the cells morphology, the increase of β-III-tubulin expression, and the appearance of neuronal markers GFAP, NF-H, NeuN and MAP2. During the differentiation the BDNF secretion was significantly enhanced in the BMSCs and decreased in the eMSCs cultures. However, no correlation between the basal and induced levels of the neuronal markers expression in the studied MSCs has been established.
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