Brain Death: Is It a Misunderstood Concept Among Nursing Students in the South of Poland?

Abstract

BackgroundThe objective of the present study was to analyze the knowledge and acceptance of the brain death (BD) concept among nursing students. MethodsThe study was undertaken in the academic year of 2011 to 2012 in nursing students from the University of the South of Poland. The sample was carried out in compulsory sessions, in the 5 years of the nursing degree study, with a completion rate of 80%. The questionnaire was validated (PCID-DTO Ríos), self-administered, and completed anonymously. ResultsThe completion rate was 93% (492 of 530). Of the students surveyed, 75% (n = 369) knew the concept of BD and considered it to mean a person's death. Of the rest, 19% (n = 93) did not know it, and the remaining 6% (n = 30) believed that it did not mean that a person was dead. The following variables were significantly related with the correct knowledge of the BD concept: 1) age (22 ± 2 years; P ≤ .001); 2) academic year (P ≤ .001); 3) discussion with friends about organ donation and transplantation (ODT) (P = .035); 4) partner's favorable attitude toward donation and transplantation (P = .009); and 5) being Catholic (P = .031). In the multivariate analysis, the following variables persisted as independent variables related to the BD concept: a) age [OR = 1.468 (1.247–1.697); P ≤ .001] and b) partner's opinion of ODT [OR = 2.248 (1.255–4.025); P = .006]. No association was found with attitude toward ODT. ConclusionsMore than 25% of the students from the Jagiellonian University of Kraków did not know or accept the concept of brain death.