Abstract
KRNJEVIC and SILVER (1) described in the septum of the cat a number of cells, strongly stained for cholinesterases, projecting cholinesterases containing fibres to the cortex. According to SZERB (2) stimulation of the septum in the cat markedly increases acetylcholine (ACh) output from the cortex with only moderate EEG activation. Septal coagulation in the cat prevents the increase of ACh output following amphetamine administration (3). Most of the septo-hyppocampal connections via the fimbria in the rat are cholinergic in nature (4) and placement of septal lesions blocks the stimulatory effect of scopolamine on exploratory behaviour (5). All these observations strongly suggest that the septum might be an important relay of the central cholinergic pathways. Recalling that the selective destruction of clusters of catecholamine or serotonin containing neurons causes a decrease in monoamine content of discrete brain areas (6,7), we have investigated the effects of septal lesions on the level of brain ACh.
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