Abstract
Mechanical compatibility with the human dentin is a considerable issue when fabricating dental fiber posts. To this purpose, this study introduces a new method of fabricating compatible dental posts using braiding techniques of thermoplastic fibers (matrix) with glass fibers (reinforcement). Fifty fiber-reinforced composite (FRC) posts of thermoplastic yarns polypropylene (PP) braided with continuous filaments glass fibers (GFs) for reinforcement, varying in fiber volume fraction (FVF), and core types are fabricated and tested. Posts are performed using a braiding machine, and braids are placed in an aluminum mold. The filled mold is playced inside an oven at the melting temperature of the polypropylene to produce the final post’s shape. An ultrasonic test is conducted to measure the shear modulus and Young’s modulus of FRC post specimens by measuring the velocities of both the P-wave and S-wave. In order to ensure the accuracy of the measurements, each sample is measured three times, and then the means and standard deviations of each sample are calculated before analyzing the test results using the means of two steps, namely, clustering and comparing the P and R² values of each cluster, which revealed that FVF, fiber mass, and core type of the specimen had a significant effect on the resulted Young’s and shear modulus. The results indicate that the proposed method can fabricate competitive dental posts with regard to different fabricating variables. The samples show Young’s modulus ranges of from 10.08 GPa to 31.83 GPa. The following tested hypothesis is supported: the braiding technique of thermoplastic fibers with glass fibers will improve the mechanical compatibility of the resulting posts (ex vivo).
Highlights
Fiber-reinforced composites (FRCs) have been introduced as a superior alternative to many conventional materials over the past two decades because of their enhanced structural and mechanical properties [1,2,3,4]
The highest modulus was for sample number 7, which is a braided product consisting of a sheath of sized S-glass fiber braided with polypropylene yarns (25%:75%) and a mixed core, while the lowest one was for sample number 5 covered, which is a braided product consisting of a sheath of E-glass fiber with polypropylene (75%:25%) and a PP core, which was covered with a full PP sheath
The braiding process showed a feasible method of fabricating dental fiber posts, while composite formation was achieved using melting process of the thermoplastic yarns, which demonstrated a superior performance when used as a matrix in the FRC posts
Summary
Fiber-reinforced composites (FRCs) have been introduced as a superior alternative to many conventional materials over the past two decades because of their enhanced structural and mechanical properties [1,2,3,4]. The main advantage of using FRC posts is their essential role in preventing many of the vertical root fracture incidents; this advantage can be attributed to the Young’s modulus of the fiber-reinforced posts, which is considerably similar to that of the natural tooth’s dentin (18 GPa) [9,10]. Another advantage of using the FRC posts is their aesthetic superiority to metal posts [11,12]. Due to the different advantages of the FRC represented in the better mechanical properties of composites, they have been used more frequently as root canal posts for the core of endodontically treated teeth [14]
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