Abstract
Our objective was to construct textile braiding manufacturing methods to facilitate high precision and accurate measurements using optical fiber Bragg grating sensors for various structures. We aimed to combine three-dimensional (3D) braiding processing with the optical Bragg grating sensor’s accurate metrology. Outside the limits of the sensor’s epoxy attachment methods, the textile braiding method can diversify the scope of application. The braiding process can be used to design a 3D fabric module process for multiple objective mechanical fiber arrangements and material characteristics. Optical stress–strain response conditions were explored through the optimization of design elements between the Bragg grating sensor and the braiding. Here, Bragg grating sensors were located 75% away from the fiber center. The sensor core structure was helical with a 1.54 cm pitch, and a polyurethane synthetic yarn was braided together with the sensor using a weaving machine. From the prototype results, a negative Poisson’s ratio resulted in a curled braided Bragg grating sensor. The number of polyurethane strands was studied to determine the role of wrap angle in the braiding. The 12-strands condition showed an increase in double stress–strain response rate at a Poisson’s ratio of 1.3%, and the 16-strands condition was found to have noise affecting the sensor at a Poisson’s ratio of 1.5%. The findings suggested the application of braiding fabrication to the Bragg grating sensor could help to develop a new monitoring sensor.
Highlights
Optical sensors have a high-efficiency grating fabrication system that can be used for high-quality inscribing on a single-mode fiber
This experimental fiber core was located outside of the fiber at half the fiber volume (35 μm from the center of the fiber). It was a helical core with a diameter of 6.3 μm, had a numerical aperture of 0.21, and a core validity index within 0.05%. It was rotated at high speed in the preforming step and twisted during the process to have a pitch of 15.4 cm at 50 times per meter and was coated with a transparent acrylate-based UV
Braiding allows the continuous orientation of the fibers so that the mechanical properties can be designed according to the properties of the material and structure
Summary
Optical sensors have a high-efficiency grating fabrication system that can be used for high-quality inscribing on a single-mode fiber. Helical gratings can open new avenues for applications of orbital angular momentum in the nanoworld. Helical shapes often result from the competition between bending and stretching energies as well as due to a variety of driving forces [1,2,3]. In the femtosecond laser region, precise length measurement experiments were performed based on the principle of optical interference in previous studies. The precision stage can be used, and exact control is possible at 10−6 μ. Further research is needed to apply the femtosecond laser’s precision Bragg grating sensor [4,5,6,7,8]
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