BRAFV600E and KIT immunoexpression in early-stage melanoma

Andressa Germano,Leonardo Cardili,Fernando Cintra Lopes Carapeto,Gilles Landman

doi:10.1590/abd1806-4841.20198349

Andressa Germano, Leonardo Cardili + Show 2 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/abd1806-4841.20198349

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Abstract

AbstractMelanoma is widely known as the most lethal skin cancer. Specific tumor-related mortality can be significantly reduced if diagnosis and treatment are properly performed during initial phases of the disease. The current search for bio-markers in early-stage melanomas is a high-priority challenge for physicians and researchers. We aimed to assess the immunoexpression of BRAFV600E and KIT in a case series consisting of 44 early-stage melanomas. Formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded samples were systematically evaluated using a semi-quantitative method based on scores of percentage and intensity for immunostained tumor cells. We observed significant concordance between BRAFV600E and KIT immunoexpression in thin invasive melanomas. Our findings corroborate previous evidence showing abnormal expression of proteins associated with MAPK intracellular signaling pathway in early-stage melanomas.

Highlights

Cutaneous melanoma (CM) is the world’s most lethal type of skin cancer.1 In Brazil, estimates indicate 6,260 new cases in 2018, most of which in the southernmost states.2 Mortality can be significantly reduced if diagnosis and treatment are properly performed during initial phases of the disease.3The tumor may arise de novo or from preexisting or atypical nevi.4 It is usually related to intermittent sun exposure and/or family history.4 Early-stage melanomas can be divided into melanoma in situ (MIS) and thin invasive melanoma (TM)
In recent decades, public awareness of sun damage and its harmful cumulative effects on the human skin has contributed to a significant increase in earlier detection of CM
Several intracellular signaling pathways have been implicated in melanoma genesis and progression

Summary

Introduction

Cutaneous melanoma (CM) is the world’s most lethal type of skin cancer. In Brazil, estimates indicate 6,260 new cases in 2018, most of which in the southernmost states. Mortality can be significantly reduced if diagnosis and treatment are properly performed during initial phases of the disease.3The tumor may arise de novo or from preexisting or atypical nevi. It is usually related to intermittent sun exposure and/or family history. Early-stage melanomas can be divided into melanoma in situ (MIS) and thin invasive melanoma (TM). Cutaneous melanoma (CM) is the world’s most lethal type of skin cancer.. In Brazil, estimates indicate 6,260 new cases in 2018, most of which in the southernmost states.. Mortality can be significantly reduced if diagnosis and treatment are properly performed during initial phases of the disease.. The tumor may arise de novo or from preexisting or atypical nevi.. It is usually related to intermittent sun exposure and/or family history.. Early-stage melanomas can be divided into melanoma in situ (MIS) and thin invasive melanoma (TM). MIS is the first stage of histologically detectable malignant melanocytic lesion and is characterized by lentiginous proliferation of atypical melanocytes.. TM is defined as invasive disease with thickness less than 1.0 millimeter. MIS is the first stage of histologically detectable malignant melanocytic lesion and is characterized by lentiginous proliferation of atypical melanocytes. TM is defined as invasive disease with thickness less than 1.0 millimeter.

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