Abstract
The goal of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of Bradyrhizobium brasilense strains native to the soil of the semiarid region in northeastern Brazil in symbiosis with soybeans in two contrasting soils in southwestern Piauí. A pot experiment was conducted using a randomized block design in a 10 × 2 factorial scheme. There were 10 nitrogen (N) sources: six native Bradyrhizobium strains [UFLA06-13, UFLA06-15, UFLA06-19, UFLA06-21, UFLA06-22 (B. brasilense), and UFLA06-24 (Bradyrhizobium sp.)], two controls with strain SEMIA 5019 (B. elkanii) and a commercial inoculant [SEMIA 5079 (B. japonicum) + SEMIA 5080 (B. diazoefficiens)] recommended for soybeans, and two controls without the application of an inoculant (one with and the other without the application of mineral N). The second experimental factor corresponded to the use of two soils (Oxisol and Quartzarenic Neosol). All strains showed increased nodulation and shoot nitrogen content in soybean plants in both soils. Most strains promoted higher nitrogen fixation when inoculated in the Oxisol. UFLA06-19, UFLA06-22, and UFLA06-24 were efficient in nitrogen accumulation in the shoots of soybeans in the Oxisol. This is the first report regarding the efficiency of B. brasilense strains in symbiosis with soybeans under different soil conditions.
Highlights
Soybean (Glycine max L.) crops are widespread in Brazil and worldwide and are considered one of the main commodities in the agricultural sector
The goal of this study was to evaluate the efficiency of Bradyrhizobium brasilense strains native to the soil of the semiarid region in northeastern Brazil in symbiosis with soybeans in two contrasting soils in southwestern Piauí
The process of biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) performed by Bradyrhizobium strains in symbiosis with soybeans is an economical and sustainable alternative for the supply of N to the crop, providing average annual savings of nearly US$ 15 billion in Brazil (Hungria & Mendes, 2015)
Summary
Soybean (Glycine max L.) crops are widespread in Brazil and worldwide and are considered one of the main commodities in the agricultural sector. Soybean production in Piauí State (2,447.620 tons) represents only 2% of the Brazilian crop production (IBGE, 2020). 80 kg of N is required to produce 1,000 kg of soybean grains (Hungria & Mendes, 2015), provided by mineral fertilizers obtained by industrial fixation (Haber-Bosch process). The process of biological nitrogen fixation (BNF) performed by Bradyrhizobium strains in symbiosis with soybeans is an economical and sustainable alternative for the supply of N to the crop, providing average annual savings of nearly US$ 15 billion in Brazil (Hungria & Mendes, 2015)
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