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Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the tissue dissolution ability of different irrigating solutions associated or not to ultrasonic agitation. Ninety bovine pulp fragments (n=10 per group) were weighed and then placed individually in Eppendorf test tubes containing the following irrigants: G1- 2.5% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl); G2- 2.5% NaOCl + ultrasonic agitation (US); G3- 2.5% NaOCl + 0.2% cetrimide (CTR); G4- 2.5% NaOCl + 0.2% CTR + US; G5- 400 ppm Sterilox (SX); G6- SX + US; G7- 0.2% CTR; G8- 0.2% CTR + US; G9- saline solution. Two blinded observers assessed the samples continuously for the first 4 h, and then every hour for the next 12 h. Dissolution speed was calculated by dividing the initial pulp weight (mg) by the period of time until complete dissolution (min). Data were compared by ANOVA and Tukey post hoc test with a 5% significance level. G1 to G4 dissolved pulp fragments completely and G2 was significantly faster than the other groups. G5 to G9 did not exhibit dissolving activity. In conclusion, only groups containing NaOCl were capable of pulp tissue dissolution, which was enhanced by ultrasonic agitation, but did not alter when 0.2% cetrimide was associated. This isolated solution and Sterilox showed no dissolving capacity, regardless the use of ultrasound.
Highlights
Success in endodontic therapy depends directly on chemomechanical debridement of the root canal system, which includes the removal of pulp remnants, dentin chips and microorganisms
This study showed no tissue-dissolving activity for 0.2% CTR, SX, or saline (G5G9), regardless of ultrasonic agitation
Sodium hypochlorite is used worldwide as the main endodontic irrigant, in concentrations ranging from 0.5% to 6% due to its antimicrobial and tissue-dissolving properties [2]
Summary
Success in endodontic therapy depends directly on chemomechanical debridement of the root canal system, which includes the removal of pulp remnants, dentin chips and microorganisms. An endodontic irrigating solution must have four main properties: antimicrobial activity, water solubility, low toxicity to periradicular tissues and tissue dissolution ability [2]. Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) is the most commonly used root canal irrigant, since it is able to kill a wide range of pathogens and dissolve pulp tissue [1,2]. Tissue dissolution ability of NaOCl depends on its concentration, volume, pH, agitation, temperature and on the contact time with the pulp tissue [3]. It has been shown that NaOCl solutions with higher concentration dissolve more vital and necrotic remnants of pulp, but at the same time, increase the risk of damage to the periradicular tissues and oral mucosa [2,3]
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