Bovine nasal granuloma

Abstract

Abstract Extract Bovine nasal granuloma (chronic granular rhinitis) is a chronic proliferative rhinitis, of common and apparently unique occurrence in Australasian cattle (Gallagher, 1972 Gallagher, P. 1972. Chronic granular rhinitis (nasal catarrh) of cattle. N.Z. vet. J., 20: 40–41. [Taylor & Francis Online] , [Google Scholar]; Hore et al., 1973 Hore, D. E., Thompson, W. H., Tweddle, N. E., Brough, E. M. and Harris, D. J. 1973. Nasal granuloma in dairy cattle: distribution in Victoria. Aust. vet. J., 49: 330–334. [Google Scholar]). The disease is characterized by the presence of numerous nodules, 1 to 4 mm in diameter on the mucous membrane of the anterior third of the nasal cavity (Gorrie, 1961 Gorrie, C. J. R. 1961. Nasal granuloma in cattle. II. Epidemiology and pathology. Vict. vet. Proc., : 11–11. 1960–61 [Google Scholar]). Evidence for the role of viruses, particularly infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) virus, in the aetiology of this disease is equivocal (Curtis and Sutton, 1972 Hore, D. E. 1966. Nasal granuloma in Victorian dairy cattle. Aust. vet. J., 42: 273–278. [Google Scholar]). No clear association, between the acute catarrhal rhinitis caused by the IBR virus (Webster and Manktelow, 1959 Webster, R. G. and Manktelow, B. W. 1959. Some observations on infectious bovine rhinotracheitis in New Zealand. N.Z. vet. J., 7: 143–148. [Taylor & Francis Online] , [Google Scholar]) and bovine nasal granuloma, has been demonstrated. The presence of large numbers of eosinophils in nasal scrapings (Curtis and Sutton, 1972 Curtis, R. A. and Sutton, R. H. 1972. Chronic granular rhinitis (nasal catarrh) of cattle. N.Z. vet. J., 20: 125–125. [Taylor & Francis Online] , [Google Scholar]), and also the marked infiltration of eosinophils into the nasal mucosa of affected animals (Pemberton and White, 1974 Pemberton, D. H. and White, W. E. 1974. Bovine nasal granuloma in Victoria; 2. Histopathology of nasal, ocular and oral lesions. Aust. vet. J., 50: 89–97. [Google Scholar]), strongly suggest that bovine nasal granuloma is an allergic disease. However, the nature of the allergen or allergens has yet to be determined. The following is a report of recent observations made during an epidemic of severe, rhinitis in a group of calves on a Bay of Plenty farm.