Bovine leukemia virus detected in the breast tissue and blood of Iranian women

Abstract

BackgroundBreast cancer is one of the most common cancers in the world particularly among Iranian women. Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is an enzootic, exogenous, and oncogenic retrovirus that causes B-cell leukosis in 1–5% of infected cattle. The current study aimed at evaluating the correlation between BLV infection and breast cancer in an Iranian population. Materials and techniquesA total of 400 samples including 200 breast cancer-suspected tissue samples and 200 blood samples of women without breast cancer, were collected from July 2017 to October 2018 from women referred to two general hospitals in Qom Province, Iran. The nested PCR technique was performed to determine the presence of tax and gag gene of BLV in the collected samples. ResultsOut of 200 breast cancer-suspected tissue samples, 172 samples were malignant in terms of pathology. Other samples were reported as non-malignant and non-tumor. Based on nested PCR technique, tax and gag genes of BLV were detected in 30% and 8% of breast cancer-suspected tissue samples, respectively. The frequency of BLV in blood samples collected from women without breast cancer was 16.5% (33/200). ConclusionIt seems that human breast cancer and BLV infection in cattle could be associated using nested PCR technique.