Abstract
Objective:The present study was conducted to estimate the seroprevalence and associated risk factors of bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) in a dairy herd in the northeast of Algiers, Algeria.Materials and methods:The target area is in the northeast of Algiers with humid to semi-dry climate and known for its economically important production of cattle. A total of 1,066 randomly selected individual blood samples of dairy herd collected at 120 dairy farms from rural districts of northeast of Algiers were evaluated with antibodies against BoHV-1 using commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits, to determine the BoHV-1 infection status of the herds. A questionnaire submitted to the farmers during collection of the blood samples was used to collect data on potential BoHV-1 associated risk factors.Results:In the present study, the estimated farm and individual animal BoHV-1 seroprevalence levels were 58.33% and 14.16%, respectively. A logistic regression analysis of the random-effects model revealed that the significant associated risk factors for the present farm and individual animal seroprevalence levels were rural district, cattle introduced to the farm, region, and hygiene.Conclusion:This study found higher seroprevalence of BoHV-1 in the northeast of Algiers. The results could be used in designing the prevention and control strategy of BoHV-1 in the northeastern part of Algeria.
Highlights
Bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) is a virus, which belongs to the family Herpesviridae, subfamily Alphaherpesvirinae, and the genus Varicellovirus [1]
The farm and individual animal bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) seroprevalence levels identified in the present study are reported in Tables 1 and 2
The overall farm level seroprevalence of BoHV-1 was significant (p < 0.05) for the region with the highest seroprevalence of infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) antibodies in Boumerdes district (74.07%) and the lowest in the district of Bordj-Bouarreridj (45.16%)
Summary
Bovine herpesvirus 1 (BoHV-1) is a virus, which belongs to the family Herpesviridae, subfamily Alphaherpesvirinae, and the genus Varicellovirus [1]. BoHV-1 causes important cattle diseases such as infectious bovine rhinotracheitis (IBR) and infectious pustular vulvovaginitis (IPV) in cows and infectious pustular balanoposthitis (IPB) in bulls worldwide [2,3,4]. Reproductive losses are the main economical significances of BoHV-1 infection [4,5,6]. The symptoms of inflammation in respiratory and genital organs and abortion are among the clinical signs of BoHV-1 [7]. Infections with BoHV-1 can manifest as ocular, neonatal, gastrointestinal, and neurologic disease as well as reproductive failure due to abortion and other genital symptoms in cases like IPV and IPB. The causes of economic losses of BoHV-1 are respiratory disease, enteric disease, reproductive failures, and calf mortality. The reactivation of the latent infection could be triggered by stress associated factors such as movement and introduction of animals
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