Bovine (Bos taurus) Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Cell Differentiation to Adipogenic and Myogenic Lineages

Abstract

Purpose: We evaluated the effect of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) agonists on the differentiation and metabolic features of bovine bone marrow-derived mesenchymal cells induced to adipogenic or myogenic lineages. Methods: Cells isolated from 7-day-old calves were cultured in basal medium (BM). For adipogenic differentiation, cells were cultured for one passage in BM and then transferred to a medium supplemented with either rosiglitazone, telmisartan, sirtinol or conjugated c-9, t-11 linoleic acid; for myogenic differentiation, third-passage cells were added with either bezafibrate, telmisartan or sirtinol. The expression of PPARγ (an adipogenic differentiation marker), myosin heavy chain (MyHC; a myogenic differentiation marker) and genes related to energy metabolism were measured by quantitative real-time PCR in a completely randomized design. Results: For adipogenic differentiation, 20 µM telmisartan showed the highest PPARγ expression (15.58 ± 0.62-fold, p < 0.0001), and differences in the expression of energy metabolism-related genes were found for hexokinase II, phosphofructokinase, adipose triglyceride lipase, acetyl-CoA carboxylase α(ACACα) and fatty acid synthase (p < 0.001), but not for ACACβ (p = 0.4275). For myogenic differentiation, 200 µM bezafibrate showed the highest MyHC expression (73.98 ± 11.79-fold), and differences in the expression of all energy metabolism-related genes were found (p < 0.05). Conclusions: Adipocyte and myocyte differentiation are enhanced with telmisartan and bezafibrate, respectively, and energy uptake, storage and mobilization are improved with both.