Bound states in the continuum on flatbands of symmetry-broken photonic crystal slabs

Abstract

Bound states in the continuum (BICs) are localized states despite in a radiation continuum, rendering the ultra-high quality factor for enhanced light–matter interactions and supporting exotic topological properties. So far, most of studied BICs in photonic crystal (PhC) slabs are only vertically localized, i.e. allowing propagations in the plane of slab therein but forbidding radiations, and the density of optical states (DOS) at their frequencies is limited due to the steep dispersion characteristics. Here, we report a BIC existing on a flatband of symmetry-broken PhC slab. The flatband, associated with largely reduced group velocity, significantly sharpens the DOS at the frequency of BIC, which can be realized via finely controlling broken vertical symmetry in the PhC slab. The effect of broken symmetry is revealed in a simple effective Hamiltonian near the second-order Γ point of such system. Our results show the simultaneous engineering of dispersion and leaky characteristics of modes, offering new opportunities to boost light–matter interactions and to enhance the performance of photonic devices.