Abstract

From the eighteenth through the twentieth century when the US government fluctuated between genocidal and assimilation policies directed at Native American people, non-Native artists frequently depicted images of Native American motherhood. Pictures classicizing Native mothers sanitized acts of violence against Native people, minimized their perceived exoticism, and demonstrated that specifically women had the capacity to assimilate to models of US motherhood. Contradicting this, a number of images also cast skepticism on the potential for Native women to assimilate to US culture and gender norms. Here I discuss how motherhood was politicized in non-Native depictions of Native women and reflected concurrent debates about Native futures in the United States.

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