Abstract
Road dust is one of the primary sources of particulate matter which has implications for air quality, climate and health. With the aim of characterizing the emissions, in this study, a bottom-up approach of county level emission inventory from paved road dust based on field investigation was developed. An inventory of high-resolution paved road dust (PRD) emissions by monthly and spatial allocation at 1 km × 1 km resolution in Harbin in 2016 was compiled using accessible county level, seasonal data and local parameters based on field investigation to increase temporal-spatial resolution. The results demonstrated the total PRD emissions of TSP, PM10, and PM2.5 in Harbin were 270,207 t, 54,597 t, 14,059 t, respectively. The temporal variation trends of pollutant emissions from PRD was consistent with the characteristics of precipitation, with lower emissions in winter and summer, and higher emissions in spring and autumn. The spatial allocation of emissions has a strong association with Harbin’s road network, mainly concentrating in the central urban area compared to the surrounding counties. Through scenario analysis, positive control measures were essential and effective for PRD pollution. The inventory developed in this study reflected the level of fugitive dust on paved road in Harbin, and it could reduce particulate matter pollution with the development of mitigation strategies and could comply with air quality modelling requirements, especially in the frigid region of northeastern China.
Highlights
Published: 31 March 2021Pollution by particulate matter (PM), which has adverse effects on human health, is considered to be a pivotal reason of poor urban air quality in China [1,2]
The method that calculated paved road dust (PRD) emission inventory is listed in the Guide, which is based on emission factors
Vehicle types for different road types differ significantly, but for all road types, minibuses accounted for the largest proportion, which accounted for 45.68% to 72.28% of total traffic on highways, and 59.83~66.19% of total traffic on urban roads
Summary
Pollution by particulate matter (PM), which has adverse effects on human health, is considered to be a pivotal reason of poor urban air quality in China [1,2]. Harbin has been experiencing serious air pollution the heating period of recent years, raising more concerns about air quality improvement. Emission inventory with highly resolved spatio-temporal profiles are desperately needed, which are essential for the sources of air pollution emissions and facilitating the development of significant air pollution control strategies [3,4]. Air pollutant emission inventory at different pollution sources have been established in China, covering roads and motor vehicles [5], biomass burning [6,7] and so on. China has made efforts in developing source emission inventory
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