Bottle beam generation from a frequency-doubled Nd:YVO4 laser

J C Tung,K Miyamoto,T Omatsu,Y Y Ma,Y F Chen

doi:10.1038/s41598-018-34783-z

Abstract

We demonstrate, for the first time, the direct generation of a bottle beam with a well-isolated three-dimensional zero-intensity dark core (high potential barrier) from a compact intracavity frequency-doubled Nd:YVO4 laser with a nearly hemispherical cavity. We also numerically calculate the physical properties of the generated bottle beam using a coherent superposition of a series of frequency-locked Laguerre–Gaussian modes.

Highlights

We demonstrate, for the first time, the direct generation of a bottle beam with a well-isolated threedimensional zero-intensity dark core from a compact intracavity frequencydoubled Nd:YVO4 laser with a nearly hemispherical cavity
Optical bottle beams[1,2,3], which possess a central zero-intensity core surrounded by three-dimensional (3D) bright regions, provide numerous applications, such as optical tweezers for atom trapping and light-absorptive particle guiding[4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11], fluorescence microscopes with high 3D spatial resolution[12,13] and the cloaking of reflection, scattering or transmission from an object[14,15]
Notice that the output is expected to include undesired low-order modes because of the frequency-locking effects between the transverse and longitudinal modes in a nearly hemispherical cavity[23], e.g., the first-order radial LG mode includes a Gaussian mode as an impurity

Summary

Introduction

For the first time, the direct generation of a bottle beam with a well-isolated threedimensional zero-intensity dark core (high potential barrier) from a compact intracavity frequencydoubled Nd:YVO4 laser with a nearly hemispherical cavity. Optical bottle beams[1,2,3], which possess a central zero-intensity core surrounded by three-dimensional (3D) bright regions, provide numerous applications, such as optical tweezers for atom trapping and light-absorptive particle guiding[4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11], fluorescence microscopes with high 3D spatial resolution[12,13] and the cloaking of reflection, scattering or transmission from an object[14,15]. It has been reported that the second-harmonic generation (SHG) of a radial LG mode can coherently superimpose several radial LG modes to produce bottle beams[24]

Methods

Results

Conclusion