Abstract
This article offers a review of studies on botanicals and their potential as treatments or adjunct treatments for malaria. The potential of using botanicals to overcome resistance to malarial drugs is also reviewed. Botanicals and constituents discussed include Peruvian or Jesuit bark (Cinchona spp.); quinine; quinidine; cinchonine; cinchonidine; sweet Annie (Artemisia annua, also called qinghao); artemisinin; artesunate; arteether; artemether; wormwood (Artemisia absinthium); mugwort (Artemisia vulgaris); Cochlospermum planchonii; n'dribala (Cochlospermum tinctorium); a formula, AM-1 containing purging nut (Jatropha curcas), cotton (Gossypium hirsutum), Physalis angulata, and royal Poinciana (Delonix regia); khaya (Khaya grandifolia); Cryptolepis sanguinolenta; pau d'arco (Tabebuia ochracea ssp. neochrysantha); papaya (Carica papaya); chirata (Swertia chirayita); neem (Azadirachta indica); pigeon pea (Cajanus cajan); Euphorbia lateriflora; Mangifera indica; Cassa alata; Cymbopogon giganteus; Nauclea latifolia; Uvaria chamae; Hydrangea macrophylla; poison nut (Strychnos spp.); berberine; Oregon grape (Mahonia aquifolium); barberry (Berberis spp.); goldenseal (Hydrastis canadensis); and goldthread (Coptis spp.).
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