“Botanical description, chemical composition, traditional uses and pharmacology of Citrus sinensis: An updated review”

Abstract

IntroductionCitrus sinensis (L.) Osbeck is one of the extensively studied plants in the Rutaceae family. It is a popular and commonly used ingredient in Traditional Chinese Medicine with preparations derived from peels, young fruit, mature fruit, flower, and other tissues. The plant is known for numerous activities such as antioxidant, antibacterial, antidiabetic, antifungal, antiosteoporosis, hypocholesterolemic, antiobesity, etc. due to the presence of phenolic acids, flavonoids, and essential oil components. Material and MethodThe online databases (Scopus, Google Scholar, PubMed, Science Direct, and Web of Science) search engine was searched using keywords: phytochemical compositions, traditional uses, antibacterial, antiproliferative, hypocholesterolemic, insecticidal, cardiovascular, neurodegenerative diseases and toxicity with sweet orange and Citrus sinensis. The available information was comprehensively studied and compiled. ResultScientific studies suggested that C. sinensis is a popular medicinal plant used by local and traditional communities to get its nutritional and medicinal benefits. Crude extract, fractions, and isolated compounds showed significant pharmacological potentials that can improve health when added to the diet. ConclusionOranges are an incredibly valuable source of bioactive compounds that could have good potential for incorporation into human food and hold the promise for the management of mild and deadly health conditions. Further investigation may pave the way for the development of value-added products for current disease management.