Abstract
Bose-Einstein condensation in an ideal (i.e. interactionless) boson gas can be studied analytically, at university-level statistical and solid state physics, in any positive dimensionality (d>0) for identical bosons with any positive-exponent (s>0) energy-momentum (i.e. dispersion) relation. Explicit formulae with arbitrary d/s are discussed for: the critical temperature (non-zero only if d/s>1); the condensate fraction; the internal energy; and the constant-volume specific heat (found to possess a jump discontinuity only if d/s>2). Classical results are recovered at sufficiently high temperatures. Applications to `ordinary' Bose-Einstein condensation, as well as to photons, phonons, ferro- and antiferromagnetic magnons, and (very specially) to Cooper pairs in superconductivity, are mentioned.
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