Bose-Einstein Condensation and Supersolids

Abstract

We consider interacting Bose particles in an external potential. It is shown that a Bose-Einstein condensate is possible at finite temperatures that describes a super solid in three dimensions (3D) for a wide range of potentials in the absence of an external potential. However, for 2D, a self-organized super solid exists for finite temperatures provided the interaction between bosons is nonlocal and of infinitely long-range. It is interesting that in the absence of the latter type of potential and in the presence of a lattice potential, there is no Bose-Einstein condensate and so in such a case, a 2D super solid is not possible at finite temperatures. We also propose the correct Bloch form of the condensate wave function valid for finite temperatures, which may be used as the correct trial wave function.