Borophene as an electronic sensor for metronidazole drug: A computational study

Abstract

The electronic sensitivity and reactivity of a B36 borophene are scrutinized toward the metronidazole (ML) drug using density functional theory calculations. The drug is mainly adsorbed via its –NO2 group on the edge of the B36 borophene. In the gas phase, the adsorption energy and Gibbs free energy change are about −22.1 and −19.3 kcal/mol, respectively. Because of a large HOMO destabilization upon the ML adsorption, the HOMO-LUMO gap (Eg) of B36 meaningfully decreases from 1.84 to 0.75 eV. It increases the electrical conductivity which creates an electrical signal. The signal is connected to the ML presence, indicating that the borophene may be a proper sensor for the ML detection. A short recovery time of 1.53 s is estimated for the ML desorption from the B36 surface. Unlike the Eg, the Fermi level and work function of B36 are not altered sensibly by the ML drug adsorption. The interaction of ML with the B36 sheet weakens in the water solvent.