Abstract
With the rise of antibiotic resistance of pathogenic bacteria there is an increased demand for monitoring the functionality of bacteria membranes, the disruption of which can be induced by peptide-lipid interactions. In this work we attempt to construct and disrupt supported lipid membranes (SLB) on boron doped nanocrystalline diamond (B-NCD). Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) was used to study in situ changes related to lipid membrane formation and disruption by peptide-induced interactions. The observed impedance changes were minimal for oxidized B-NCD samples, but were still detectable in the low frequency part of the spectra. The sensitivity for the detection of membrane formation and disruption was significantly higher for hydrogenated B-NCD surfaces. Data modeling indicates large changes in the electrical charge when an electrical double layer is formed at the B-NCD/SLB interface, governed by ion absorption. By contrast, for oxidized B-NCD surfaces, these changes are negligible indicating little or no change in the surface band bending profile.
Highlights
The increase in antibiotic resistance of pathogenic bacteria strains has spurred the development of novel antibiotics
A boron doped nanocrystalline diamond (B-NCD) film serves as a solid support for supported lipid membranes (SLB) and an active electrode for electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurement of melittin induced membrane disruption
The lipid membrane was measured directly during its formation and subsequently the melittin induced disruption was measured by Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS)
Summary
The increase in antibiotic resistance of pathogenic bacteria strains has spurred the development of novel antibiotics. One promising solution to these problems is the group of antibiotics based on antimicrobial peptides which are an abundant and diverse group of molecules that are produced by many tissues and cell types in a variety of plant and animal species Their amino acid composition, amphipathicity, cationic charge and size allow them to attach to membrane bilayers and disrupt the membrane by the formation of pores [1]. These properties make diamond suitable for biosensing [7] In this application, a boron doped nanocrystalline diamond (B-NCD) film serves as a solid support for SLBs and an active electrode for electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) measurement of melittin induced membrane disruption. We report the results of EIS of membrane disruption on hydrogenated and oxidized surfaces, and discuss the influence of BNCD surface termination on the sensitivity of the sensor
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