Boron adsorption mechanism on polyvinyl alcohol

Abstract

Recently, an increase in the use of boron compounds has led to an increase in boron emissions, and concern has grown regarding its detrimental effects on the human body. An adsorbent that adsorbs boron selectively has been developed as a countermeasure. Although certain commercially available boron selective adsorbents can be used to remove boron from aqueous solutions by utilizing the strong affinity between boron and hydroxyl groups, the adsorption capacity appears to be insufficient. So, we adopted polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), which contains many hydroxyl groups, as a model adsorbent. We investigated the boron adsorption characteristics of PVA, and then studied the relationship between the number of adsorption sites and actual adsorption amounts. We assessed the adsorption result by using adsorption site availability (ASA) as an indicator of the ratio of effectively functioning hydroxyl groups from the many hydroxyl groups in PVA. ASA was expressed as a percentage of the experimental equilibrium adsorbed amount in relation to the theoretical equilibrium adsorbed amount. We also compared the adsorption isotherms and ASA obtained with PVA, commercially available N-methylglucamine-type resin (CRB03 and CRB05) and the adsorbent we synthesized from polyallylamine (PAA) and glucose (PAA-Glu). Although PVA has many hydroxyl groups in a molecule, ASA analysis revealed that only 6% of the hydroxyl groups in PVA was used for boron adsorption. On the other hand, CRBs and PAA-Glu exhibited higher ASA values (about 15% and 35% respectively) and adsorption amounts, suggesting that the sterically congested adsorbent structure had a great influence on boron adsorption and ASA.