Born in Ethiopia

Abstract

Abstract Background Goal 3 of the United Nation 2030 Agenda states that we want to ensure health and well-being for all. This is even more true for countries in the IV World. The aim of our study is to investigate the timing of childbirth in Ethiopia. Methods The stages of our ethnographic study include: choosing the study topic and location, participating in group life, collecting and analysing data. The field experience, led by a midwife, took place from September 2023 to October 2023 in Ethiopia, within the Saint Luke Catholic Hospital in Wolisso. Results The instruments that the midwives have at their disposal are few and obsolete: the most is Pinard’s stethoscope. The mothers are all very young: the youngest woman was fourteen years old while the oldest woman was thirty-eight years old. As for parity, the fertility rate is around 4.6 live births per woman. Women’s family members take care of them in all aspects of care. Pregnant and new mothers receive support from their attendants, an all-female network. Pregnancy monitoring is almost non-existent. There is no prenatal diagnosis. In 2022, St. Luke’s hospital saw a 20% caesarean section rate, an increase from the previous two years. Poverty and the lack of government facilities that can support a problem child are two of the reasons why many of these children are abandoned. In terms of maternal and child health, mortality indicators are still too high for mothers and children. There are 353 mothers dying per 100,000 live births and 41 babies dying per 1,000 live births. Conclusions The biomedical model exported from the Western world, as shown for example by the increase in caesarean sections, has led to a slow but progressive hospitalisation of childbirth in the search for safety from maternal and neonatal mortality. Key messages • Poverty, malnutrition, lack of sanitation and drinking water, as well as early pregnancies and high parity remain among the leading causes of mortality in Ethiopia. • The biomedical model exported from the Western world has led to a slow but progressive hospitalisation of childbirth in the search for safety.