Borderline Personality Disorder: Risks Factors and Treatment

Abstract

Borderline personality disorder (BPD) is a mental disorder that is common among adolescents and is characterized by mood instability, impulsivity, and disruption in interpersonal relationships and self-image. Symptoms presented at an early age can be used as predictors for the diagnosis of BPD later in life. Therefore, it is important to identify the possible factors that may increase the risk of developing BPD in order to aid in diagnosis and plan for future treatment. Effective prevention and treatment of BPD require an understanding of these risk factors. The aim of this paper is to provide a thorough overview of the risk factors associated with the presence of BPD, through an in-depth exploration. It has been determined that a number of risk variables, including those linked to genetics, neurobiology, and the environment, have a role in the early onset of BPD. Unfortunately, it is still difficult in terms of the diagnosis of BPD. Misdiagnosis or underdiagnosis happens not only due to the challenges brought by the comorbidities, but also due to the stigma associated with BPD which hindered the progress of BPD treatment. More future research is needed, with more focus on specific genes, gene links underpinned and the diversity of the sample. The actions of professionals, clinicians, and the public are required for destigmatization with a more objective understanding of BPD based on a systems perspective.