Abstract
Silicate (13-93) and borate (13-93-B3) bioactive glass coatings were successfully deposited on titanium using the nanosecond Pulsed Laser Deposition technique. The coatings’ microstructural characteristics, compositions and morphologies were examined by a number of physico-chemical techniques. The deposited coatings retain the same functional groups of the targets, are a few microns thick, amorphous, compact and crack free. Their surface is characterized by the presence of micrometric and nanometric particles. The surface topography, investigated by Atomic Force Microscopy, is characterized by spherical or ellipsoidal particles of the 0.2–3 μm size range for the 13-93 silicate bioactive glass film and of the 0.1–1 µm range for the 13-93-B3 borate bioactive glass coating. Equine adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) were applied for biological tests and the osteogenic differentiation activity of cells on the deposited coatings was studied after ADMSCs growth in osteogenic medium and staining with Alizarin Red. Cytocompatibility and osteogenic differentiation tests have shown that thin films retain the biocompatibility properties of the target silicate and borate glass, respectively. On the other hand, no antibacterial activity of the borate glass films was observed, suggesting that ion doping is advisable to inhibit bacterial growth on the surface of borate glass thin films.
Highlights
Biomedical researchers are increasingly paying attention to the development and application of bioactive materials
Cytocompatibility and osteogenic differentiation tests have shown that thin films retain the biocompatibility properties of the target silicate and borate glass, respectively
Based on the results obtained by the Fiurier-transform infrared (FT-IR) analysis of films deposited on the Si substrates, it is possible to conclude that the deposited coatings maintain the spectral figures of targets (Figure 1)
Summary
Biomedical researchers are increasingly paying attention to the development and application of bioactive materials. Titanium (Ti) is still widely used to manufacture hard-tissue implants, especially for load-bearing application (hip, knee and dental prosthesis), due to its optimal mechanical characteristics. It has been employed for orthopedic implants since the 1960s, when Brånemark and his co-workers [3] discovered a titanium cage strongly integrated in a rabbit bone a few months after its implantation. In order to increase the chances of successful bone-related implant procedures, the modification of the Ti surface by coating it with a bioactive material is advisable [4,5,6,7,8,9] In this way the optimal bulk mechanical properties are preserved, and the implant surface is more suitable to provide a better osteointegration
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