Abstract
Previous studies have indicated the important role of block of proliferation 1 (BOP1) in the progression of several malignant tumors; no comprehensive pan-cancer analysis of BOP1 has been performed. Here, we aim to systematically identify the expression, prognostic value, and potential immunological functions of BOP1 in 33 malignancies. We obtained the gene expression data and clinical information from multiple public databases to assess the expression level and prognostic value of BOP1 in 33 cancers. We also analyzed the relationship between BOP1 expression and DNA methylation, tumor microenvironment (TME), microsatellite instability (MSI), tumor mutational burden (TMB), and immune checkpoints. Moreover, we conducted gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) to investigate the biological function and signal transduction pathways of BOP1 in different types of tumors. Finally, we validated the expression of BOP1 in lung cancer cell line and detected the influence of BOP1 on lung cancer cell migration and the expression of epithelial-mesenchymal transition- (EMT-) related genes. Collectively, our findings elucidated that BOP1 has the potential to be a promising molecular prognostic biomarker for predicting poor survival in various malignant tumors, as well as a cancer-promoting gene involved in tumorigenesis and tumor immunity.
Highlights
Cancer has been one of the main causes of deaths of the population worldwide [1]. e latest cancer statistic data indicate that there were 19.3 million new cases and more than 10.0 million deaths worldwide in 2020 [2]
We analyzed the expression data of Block of proliferation 1 (BOP1) in the Genotype-Tissue Expression (GTEx) database, and the results showed that BOP1 was expressed in various normal tissues, with the highest expression level in the thyroid and the lowest in the blood sample (Figure 1(a)). en, we investigated the expression of BOP1 in 33 cancer samples from TCGA database and ranked them according to the mean value from low to high
BOP1 was upregulated in bladder urothelial carcinoma (BLCA), cervical squamous cell carcinoma and endocervical adenocarcinoma (CESC), colon adenocarcinoma (COAD), breast invasive carcinoma(BRCA), cholangiocarcinoma (CHOL), glioblastoma multiforme (GBM), esophageal carcinoma (ESCA), lymphoid neoplasm diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBC), head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSC), kidney renal papillary cell carcinoma (KIRP), brain low-grade glioma (LGG), kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC), lung squamous cell carcinoma (LUSC), lung adenocarcinoma (LUAD), liver hepatocellular carcinoma (LIHC), prostate adenocarcinoma (PRAD), ovarian serous cystadenocarcinoma (OV), testicular germ cell tumors (TGCT), pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PAAD), rectum adenocarcinoma esophageal carcinoma (READ), stomach adenocarcinoma (STAD), skin cutaneous melanoma (SKCM), thymoma (THYM), uterine carcinosarcoma (UCS), and uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC) (P < 0.05)
Summary
Cancer has been one of the main causes of deaths of the population worldwide [1]. e latest cancer statistic data indicate that there were 19.3 million new cases and more than 10.0 million deaths worldwide in 2020 [2]. Highthroughput, large size, multi-omics, and multitumors data will contribute to identify the key factors of tumorigenesis. Many public databases, such as Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) and e Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA), have been continuously developed and improved in recent years, containing a significant amount of multi-omics data of tumors that allow for pan-cancer analysis [3,4,5]. Similar results have been found in gastric cancer [8], prostate cancer [9], and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) [13] It is uncertain if BOP1 plays crucial roles in other cancers, especially lung cancer. There are no Journal of Oncology comprehensive studies on the clinical significance and potential biological function of BOP1 in pan-cancer
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