Abstract
Skin photoaging is mainly induced by ultraviolet (UV) irradiation and its manifestations include dry skin, coarse wrinkle, irregular pigmentation, and loss of skin elasticity. Dietary supplementation of nutraceuticals with therapeutic and preventive effects against skin photoaging has recently received increasing attention. This article aims to review the research progress in the cellular and molecular mechanisms of UV-induced skin photoaging. Subsequently, the beneficial effects of dietary components on skin photoaging are discussed. The photoaging process and the underlying mechanisms are complex. Matrix metalloproteinases, transforming growth factors, skin adipose tissue, inflammation, oxidative stress, nuclear and mitochondrial DNA, telomeres, microRNA, advanced glycation end products, the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis, and transient receptor potential cation channel V are key regulators that drive the photoaging-associated changes in skin. Meanwhile, mounting evidence from animal models and clinical trials suggests that various food-derived components attenuate the development and symptoms of skin photoaging. The major mechanisms of these dietary components to alleviate skin photoaging include the maintenance of skin moisture and extracellular matrix content, regulation of specific signaling pathways involved in the synthesis and degradation of the extracellular matrix, and antioxidant capacity. Taken together, the ingestion of food-derived functional components could be an attractive strategy to prevent skin photoaging damage.
Highlights
The skin is the largest organ of the body, and skin aging is one of the main manifestations of body aging [1]
There has been a growing awareness of the role of nutrition in skin health and specific dietary components have emerged as an effective alternative strategy to prevent and alleviate the symptoms of photoaging
Materials and Methods Research articles that focused on mechanisms of UV-induced skin photoaging and nutraceutical intervention for skin photoaging were collected from various search engines such as Pubmed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Science Direct using keywords including skin, photoaging, extracellular matrix, fibroblast, nutraceuticals, etc
Summary
The skin is the largest organ of the body, and skin aging is one of the main manifestations of body aging [1]. Skin aging includes natural aging, heat aging, and photoaging [2]. Among them, photoaging is the most crucial factor causing skin aging damage. Skin photoaging is caused by long-term exposure to ultraviolet (UV) [3] and manifests as rough, dry, and sagging skin, deeper skin wrinkles, excessive skin pigmentation, or angiotelectasis [4], even leading to various benign or malignant tumors, such as solar keratosis, squamous cell carcinoma, and malignant melanoma [5]. Methods to prevent or treat skin photoaging mainly include physical means of photoprotection (sunglasses, window films, clothing, etc.), topical treatment of active ingredients, and medical cosmetology [7]. There has been a growing awareness of the role of nutrition in skin health and specific dietary components have emerged as an effective alternative strategy to prevent and alleviate the symptoms of photoaging
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