Abstract
Practice of fiberoptic bronchoscopy in intensive care units is not associated with major adverse effects but need particular attention in mechanically-ventilated patients. To avoid worsening ventilation particularly in hypoxemic patients, a difference in external diameters of bronchoscope and endotracheal tube is important as well as a modification of the settings of the alarms in the ventilator. The number of fiberoptic bronchoscopy performed during non invasive ventilation is increasing and the first reports suggest a good tolerance of this procedure. However, indications of bronchoscopy need to be carefully evaluated as well as the balance safety/benefit in these patients. Studies are warranted to precise and improve the tolerance of fiberoptic bronchoscopy in these conditions.
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