Bone trabecular analysis of proximal femur radiographs for the detection of osteoporosis using anisotropic Morlet wavelet transform

Abstract

Osteoporosis is a thinning of the bone that leads to fracture with minimum force. It affects postmenopausal women and elderly of both genders. Bone Mineral Density (BMD) is one of the parameters related to bone strength. For measuring BMD Dual Energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is currently considered as the “gold standard”. Osteoporosis is evaluated in postmenopausal women using low-cost digital hip radiograph in comparison with DXA as a gold standard. (i) To evaluate the morphometry of proximal femur using digital radiograph in the diagnosing osteoporosis in Indian women. (ii) To evaluate the morphometry of metacarpal using digital radiograph in the diagnosing osteoporosis in Indian women. (iii) To calculate the energy at neck, head, and trochanter of the proximal femur using image processing technique of anisotropic Morlet wavelet transform. By using The Anisotropic filter proximal femur is enhanced then the feature is extracted using Morlet wavelet transform. A free medical screening camp for osteoporosis was conducted at SRM Medical College and Research Institute. A total number of 50 (n = 50) Indian women, 18 healthy premenopausal women (n = 18, 36.3 ± 8.7 years) and 32 postmenopausal women (n = 32, 58 ± 9.1 years) whose age ranged from 20 to 85 years were included.