Abstract
BackgroundThis study was to evaluate the bone formation ability of demineralized dentin matrix (DDM) combined with platelet-rich fibrinogen (PRF) and DDM combined with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) to improve the osteoinductive ability of DDM.MethodsAfter four bone defects with a diameter of 8mm were created in the calvarium of each rabbit, DDM was grafted into the first defect (experimental groups 1), a combination of DDM and PRF was grafted into the second defect (experimental groups 2), and DDM with absorbed rhBMP-2 was grafted into the third defect (experimental groups 3). The fourth defect was used as the control group. Twelve healthy male rabbits (New Zealand, white rabbits) weighing around 3.0–4.0 kg were used. Among 12 rabbits, 3 rabbits were sacrificed immediately after surgery and at 2, 4, and 8 weeks after surgery, respectively. Histopathologic analysis and histomorphometric analysis were conducted to evaluate bone formation in each group.ResultsThe PRF/DDM group did not show a significantly higher degree of new bone formation in calvarial bone defects than the DDM group at 2, 4, and 8 weeks postoperatively in histopathological findings and histomorphometric results. On the other side, the rhBMP-2/DDM group showed higher degrees of new bone formation and calcification, and the lamellae of bone matrix, which are observed in mature bone tissue, were more distinctly visible in the rhBMP-2/DDM group. Moreover, the rhBMP-2/DDM group showed a significantly higher amount of new bone formation, compared to the DDM group at 4 and 8 weeks postoperatively (P<0.05) in histomorphometric results.ConclusionThe DDM has great potential as a carrier for the maintenance and sustained release of rhBMP-2, which has been recently receiving wide attention as a type of signaling molecules to promote bone formation.
Highlights
This study was to evaluate the bone formation ability of demineralized dentin matrix (DDM) combined with platelet-rich fibrinogen (PRF) and Demineralized dentin matrix (DDM) combined with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 to improve the osteoinductive ability of DDM
Demineralized dentin matrix (DDM), which is a material produced by extracting bone components from extracted autogenous teeth, is a graft material developed based on the fact that teeth and bones are almost identical in chemical composition [1–4]
Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has been used in the treatment of thrombocytopenia, and as platelet concentrates have been locally applied to surgical sites, PRP is currently used as a term which refers to all types of autologous plasma including a platelet concentrate
Summary
This study was to evaluate the bone formation ability of demineralized dentin matrix (DDM) combined with platelet-rich fibrinogen (PRF) and DDM combined with recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2) to improve the osteoinductive ability of DDM. Thrombin, which is used in the production process of fibrin glue, is derived from cattle, so the risk of transmission of diseases, including mad cow disease, has been reported [9, 10]. To address these risks, platelet-rich fibrin (PRF), in which autologous thrombin is concentrated in autologous fibrinogen without the addition of bovine thrombin or an anticoagulant agent, started to be used [11–13]
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