BONE REGENERATION IN HEALTHY AND OSTEOPOROTIC CONDITIONS. PRECLINICAL EVIDENCE.

Abstract

Introduction Osteoporosis is one of the most common skeletal disorders affecting a significant percentage of people worldwide. Research data suggested that systemic diseases such as osteoporosis could act as risk factors for bone regeneration, jeopardizing the healing process and thus the predictability of bone regenerative techniques on compromised patients. The use of titanium dental implants is considered a successful and largely predictable treatment option for partial/full edentulism. However, a prerequisite for the successful implant placement in the prosthodontally ideal driven position is a minimum amount of bone at the recipient site. It is well accepted that preclinical studies in experimental models simulating healthy and systemic conditions, are one of the most important stages in the research of new biomaterials and therapeutic modalities. Aim and Methods The aim of this study is to review the potential effect of osteoporosis on guided bone regeneration in healthy and osteoporotic-like conditions in preclinical models. Material and Methods Literature search was conducted in MEDLINE and PUBMED up to March 2022. Results Research data showed significant new bone apposition in the defect sites, although a trend for less bone formation of lower quality was observed in osteoporotic compared to healthy conditions. Conclusion Evidence suggested that low level of estrogen might negatively affect the biological process of bone grafts/substitutes integration. Preclinical studies provide the possibility of better understanding the underlying mechanism of bone regeneration in compromised conditions. It is important to emphasize that optimization of these models, simulating healthy and systemic conditions, is important for future research.