Abstract
The effects of large piece xenogeneic bone which was separated from healthy pigs as a scaffold on repair of mandibular defect was investigated and the applicability of antigen-extracted xenogeneic cancellous bone (AXCB) soaked with rhBMP-2 in bone defect repair was assessed. Mandibular defects were created in 48 New Zealand Rabbits, and then randomly divided into 4 groups, which was grafted in the mandibular defects with AXCB, AXCB soaked with rhBMP-2, autograft bone, or blank. Equal number of animals from each group was classified into three time points (4, 8, and 12 weeks) after operation for gross pathological observation, hematoxylin and eosin (H & E) staining, radiographic examination, and bone density measurement. H & E staining revealed that the area percentage of bone regeneration in the group of AXCB/rhBMP-2 graft was 27.72 ± 4.68, 53.90 ± 21.92, and 77.35 ± 9.83 when at 4, 8, and 12 weeks, which was better than that of auto bone graft, prompting that the group of AXCB/rhBMP-2 graft had commendable osteogenic effect. And comparing with the AXCB without rhBMP-2, of which the area percentage of bone regeneration was only 14.03 ± 5.02, 28.49 ± 11.35, and 53.90 ± 21.92, the osteogenic effect of AXCB/rhBMP-2 graft was demonstrated to be much better. In the group of AXCB/rhBMP-2 graft, the area percentage of bone regeneration increased, and the implanted materials were gradually degraded and replaced by autogenous bone regeneration over time. We concluded that antigen-extracted xenogeneic cancellous bone (AXCB) graft soaked with rhBMP-2 had shown excellent osteogenic effect in repair of bone defects, with good biocompability.
Highlights
Large bone defect in oral and maxillofacial region is frequently seen in human patients, and its proper repair is a big challenge due to the anatomical complexity of this region and the cosmetic issue
Mandibular defects were created in 48 New Zealand Rabbits, and randomly divided into 4 groups, which was grafted in the mandibular defects with antigen-extracted xenogeneic cancellous bone (AXCB), AXCB soaked with Recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 (rhBMP-2), autograft bone, or blank
We concluded that antigen-extracted xenogeneic cancellous bone (AXCB) graft soaked with rhBMP-2 had shown excellent osteogenic effect in repair of bone defects, with good biocompability
Summary
Large bone defect in oral and maxillofacial region is frequently seen in human patients, and its proper repair is a big challenge due to the anatomical complexity of this region and the cosmetic issue. Autologous bone graft provides a scaffold and a certain number of osteoblasts, and it has the best osteogenic effect. It is considered the gold standard for bone defect repair [1]. Autologous bone graft has limitated bone sources, and needs a second operation area, which will increase extra trauma to the patients and increase the duration of operation. Bone allograft is another way of providing a scaffold for bone regeneration, but it may have a high risk of disease transmission. We investigate the biocompatibility of antigen-extracted xenogeneic cancellous bone (AXCB) as a scaffold, and its ENG
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