Bone reaction to bovine hydroxyapatite grafted in the mandibular defects of beagle dogs

Abstract

Guided bone regeneration(GBR) is a well-established technique, both in the reconstructing of atrophic alveolar bone prior to implant placement and around exposed implant surfaces at the time of implant installation. 1-4) For this promising technique, two basic components are needed membrane and graft material.1) The membranes itself placed and closely adapted around the defects can inhibit the nonosteogenic soft tissue cells and allow angiogenic and osteogenic cells from adjacent bone marrow to resolve the defects with bone tissue. But GBR therapy using membrane alone has encountered some complications. One of them is a membrane collapse due to the soft tissue pressure during healing period, causing decreased the volume of created space. Several attempts have been made to solve the membrane collapse. The use of stiffer membrane, i.e. titanium-reinforced e-PTFE membrane 5) , or membrane supporting devices such as stainless steel microscrew1 is one of them. Another method is the utilization of graft material. The graft material beneath the barrier membrane can support the occlusive membrane, stabilize the blood clot, and reduce the membrane shrinkage. In addition to its physical advantage, the graft material can influence the host response during healing. Graft materials are used for the purpose of encouraging new bone formation by a variety of process osteogenesis, osteoinduction, osteoconduction. Autogenous bone is the only graft material known to induce bone formation through osteogenesis. Allogenic