Bone Morphogenetic Protein 1 Targeting COL1A1 and COL1A2 to Regulate the Epithelial-Mesenchymal Transition Process of Colon Cancer SW620 Cells.

Abstract

Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is an important factor in promoting the metastasis of colon cancer, which leads to clinical incurability. It has been found that bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) are closely related to EMT and the prognoses of most malignant tumors, including colon cancer tumors. However, the effects and mechanisms of BMP1 on the EMT of colon cancer are not yet clear. To explore the effects and mechanisms of BMP1 on the EMT of colon cancer, a BMP1 overexpression plasmid vector was used to interfere with SW620 cells and real-time fluorescence quantitative RNA and western blotting were used to detect the effects of BMP1 on the transcription and translation of COL1A1 and COL1A2 genes, as well as EMT-related genes, including beta-catenin, vimentin, and E-cadherin (E-Cad) genes in SW620 cells. MTT assay and Transwell techniques were used to detect the effects of BMP1 on the proliferation and migration of SW620 cells. The results demonstrate that BMP1 expression in SW620 cells is significantly lower than that in HCoEpiC cells, which promotes the expression of COL1A1 and COL1A2. Additionally, the expression of genes related to EMT, including beta-catenin and vimentin, increased, whereas E-Cad expression decreased. This difference was significant, which led to an increase in cell viability and the number of migrating cells in SW620 cells. Based on the overexpression of BMP1, the expression of COL1A1 and COL1A2 in SW620 was inhibited, which inhibited the process of EMT. Specifically, vimentin expression decreased, and E-Cad and beta-catenin expression increased. Additionally, SW620 cell viability decreased and migration ability decreased. Therefore, it can be concluded that the absence of BMP1 promotes the expression of COL1A and COL1A2 in colon cancer and promotes the process of EMT. Increasing the expression of BMP1 can inhibit the process of EMT in colon cancer, thereby inhibiting the migration of tumors.