Abstract
Objective: To assess the influence of type 2 diabetes on bone mineral density in a group of type 2 diabetic patients, in comparison with non-diabetic patients. Additionally, to evaluate the correlation between mandibular cortical index and bone mineral density. Material and Methods: 48 patients (24 diabetics and 24 non-diabetics) referred for femur and spine densitometry and panoramic radiograph examination were included in this study. Patients were diagnosed based on densitometric results of the total femur and total spine. All panoramic radiomorphometric measurements were performed by 3 observers. Differences in T and Z-scores between both groups were evaluated with Mann-Whitney test and non-parametric correlations between mandibular cortical index and T/Z-scores were carried out with Spearman’s test. Results: Median T and Z-scores for total femur and total spine presented no statistical significant difference between diabetic and non-diabetic patients. In addition, only diabetics total femur and non-diabetics total spine T-scores were significantly correlated with mandibular cortical index. Conclusion: The present results suggest that type 2 diabetic patients have similar Z and T-scores in femur and spine when compared to non-diabetic patients. Mandibular cortical index, assessed on panoramic radiographs is inversely correlated with femur densitometry results in diabetics and spine bone mineral density in non-diabetic patients. KeywordsBone Mineral Density; Dual X-Ray Absorptiometry; Panoramic radiography; Osteoporosis; Type 2 Diabetes.
Highlights
Osteoporosis is a metabolic disease which affects bone mineral density (BMD) leading to increased low-energy fracture risk [1]
Type 1 and type 2 diabetes are recognized as potential modifier diseases to BMD and osteoporotic fracture risk [2]
Approval was obtained from university’s ethics committee. This retrospective study was initially conducted with 64 patients, referred to dental treatment at the University dental clinic (São Paulo, São Paulo State, Brazil) who had undergone panoramic radiographic examination and femoral and spine dual x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) between 2010 and 2014
Summary
Osteoporosis is a metabolic disease which affects bone mineral density (BMD) leading to increased low-energy fracture risk [1]. In type 2 diabetes, the disease physiopathology is unclear [4] and the consensus on osteoporosis risk in diabetic patients has not been reached. Studies considering BMD in diabetic patients provide distinct results [5]: some studies verified increase [6,7] in BMD but others decreased [8] or BMD no difference between type 2 diabetics and non-diabetic patients [9]. It is uncertain whether the usually named as “diabetic osteopathy” disease affects diabetic patients [10]
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