Abstract
The composition and spatial orientation of extracellular matrix vary for each tissue type. In bone, it mainly consists of an organic phase, known as osteoid, which represents approximately 20 % of bone mass, and a mineral phase. The organic fraction of bone consists of over 90 % type I collagen, other minor collagens such as types III and V, and 5 % non-collagenous proteins. The non-collagenous proteins in bone include osteocalcin, osteonectin, alkaline phosphatase, osteopontin, bone sialoprotein, dental matrix protein 1, fibronectin, thrombospondin, vitronectin, and fibrillin. The mineral phase of bone is mostly hydroxyapatite [Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2], with small amounts of carbonate, magnesium, and acid phosphate, a calcium phosphate compound. The bone matrix also sequesters growth factors, acting as a reservoir for soluble inductive signals such as bone morphogenic protein. This chapter discusses (1) bone matrix proteins and (2) mineralization process.
Sign-in/Register to access full text options 
Talk to us
Join us for a 30 min session where you can share your feedback and ask us any queries you have
Schedule a callDisclaimer: All third-party content on this website/platform is and will remain the property of their respective owners and is provided on "as is" basis without any warranties, express or implied. Use of third-party content does not indicate any affiliation, sponsorship with or endorsement by them. Any references to third-party content is to identify the corresponding services and shall be considered fair use under The CopyrightLaw.
