Abstract

The population of pluripotent Oct-4+ SSEA-1+Sca-1+Lin–CD45– very small embryonic/epiblast-like stem cells (VSELs) resides in murine adult bone marrow (BM) and in other tissues, including pancreas. It has been proposed that VSELs play an important role in tissue/organ rejuvenation, which is supported by the fact that the number of these cells increases in peripheral blood in mice during organ/tissue damage (e.g., experimental heart infarct, stroke, or streptozocin-induced diabetes). Thus, VSELs seem to be a mobile pool of pluripotent stem cells that shuttles between BM and peripheral tissues, including pancreas, to supply stem cells for steady-state tissue turn-over or to replace damaged cells after organ injury. Our data strongly suggest that VSELs will provide a therapeutic alternative to stem cells isolated from embryos and could be employed, for example, in the regeneration of damaged insulin-producing cells.

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