Bone marrow derived mesenchymal stem cells enriched PCL-gelatin nanofiber scaffold for improved wound healing

Abstract

Electrospun nanofibers exhibit a significant potential in the synthesis of nanostructured materials, thereby offering a promising avenue for enhancing the efficacy of wound care. The present study aimed to investigate the wound-healing potential of two biomacromolecules, PCL-Gelatin nanofiber adhered with bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Characterisation of the nanofiber revealed a mean fiber diameter ranging from 200 to 300 nm, with distinctive elemental peaks corresponding to polycaprolactone (PCL) and gelatin. Additionally, BMSCs derived from bone marrow were integrated into nanofibers, and their wound-regenerative potential was systematically evaluated through both in-vitro and in-vivo methodologies. In-vitro assessments substantiated that BMSC-incorporated nanofibers enhanced cell viability and crucial cellular processes such as adhesion, and proliferation. Subsequently, in-vivo studies were performed to demonstrate the wound-healing efficacy of nanofibers. It was observed that the rate of wound healing of BMSCs incorporated nanofibers surpassed both, nanofiber and BMSCs alone. Furthermore, histomorphological analysis revealed accelerated re-epithelization and improved wound contraction in BMSCs incorporated nanofiber group. The fabricated nanofiber incorporated with BMSCs exhibited superior wound regeneration in animal model and may be utilised as a wound healing patch.